A Case Control Study to Determine the Predisposing Factors for Myocardial Infarction among Young Adults
Keywords:
Premature Myocardial Infarction, Type A personality, perceived stress, Case control study, dietary fibreAbstract
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death and the main cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. CAD is a serious health problem in young adults, as it occurs in younger age, which is a productive age group.
Objectives: To determine the predisposing factors for myocardial infarction among young adults in a tertiary health care centre of Hubballi, Karnataka
Methods: A facility-based case control study was conducted among patients aged<40years, including 30 cases (with CAD) and 30 controls (without CAD), admitted to KIMS hospital Hubballi. Information about sociodemographic data, myocardial infarction, stress, physical activity and dietary pattern was collected.
Results: The study included 19 males and 11 females in each group. The factors found to be significantly associated with premature myocardial infarction were inadequate physical activity, BMI>23kg/m2, family history of diabetes, high perceived stress, type A personality, smoking, hypertension, parental consanguinity, family history of IHD and inadequate dietary fibre intake.
Conclusion: The study concluded that, both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors play an important role in premature myocardial infarction. Addressing the modifiable risk factors can significantly reduce premature myocardial infarction.
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