Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Tuberculosis Cases Registered Under RNTCP in an Urban Area of Pune, Maharashtra
Keywords:
Tuberculosis, socio-demographic factors, marital status, overcrowding, smoking, family history of TBAbstract
Context: Worldwide socio-demographic factors like age, sex, education, occupation, income, life styles etc play a crucial role in etiology, spread and status of tuberculosis. It is a chronic stigmatized social and public health challenge in almost all communities of developing countries.
Objective: This study was undertaken to examine some socio-demographic factors of TB patients in an urban area and their relation with current tuberculosis epidemiological situation.
Materials and methods: It’s an observational, cohort study carried on 210 patients. Data was collected by trained personnel in structured and pretested formats from a Tuberculosis Unit and Directly Observed Treatment centers’ records and through direct visits and interviews with the patients. The statistical analysis was done by subjecting data to ‘EPI INFO’ and WIN PEPI software.
Results: Of all 210 patients, 125 were male, 131 had pulmonary TB, 133 in 0-34 year age group, 144 married, 44 illiterate, 96 kaccha house dwellers, 151 experienced overcrowding, 58 smokers (male), 75 had alcohol habit and 51 gave family history of tuberculosis.
Conclusions: TB was significantly higher in males, pulmonary type, in 0-34 year age group, smokers and alcoholics and in those who gave family history of tuberculosis.
References
Sunder Lal, Adarsh, Pankaj. Tuberculosis: Epidemiology of Communicable Diseases and Related National Health Programs. In: Textbook of Community Medicine (Preventive and Social Medicine), 4th ed. New Delhi, Bangalore, Pune (India): CBS Publishers and Distributors; 2014. p. 435-52.
TB India 2014. Reach the Unreached. Central TB Division, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Directorate General of Health Services, March 2014
K Park. Tuberculosis. In: Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 22nd ed. Jabalpur (India): M/s Banarsidas Bhanot Publishers; 2013. p. 166-84.
Vaidya R. Tuberculosis. In: RajVir Bhalwar, Chief Edi-tor.Text Book of Public Health and Community Medicine, 1st ed. Published by Department of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College Pune in Collaboration with WHO, India Office, New Delhi; 2009. p. 1107-16.
Government of India, Ministry of Health & Family Wel-fare, Directorate General of Health Services, Central TB Division, Guidelines on Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant TB (PMDT) in India May 2012
National Tuberculosis Institute, Bangalore, India. About us. Available from: http://ntiindia.kar.nic.in/aboutus.htm (last viewed on Nov 10, 2017)
National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi. National Tuberculosis Program. In: National Health Program Series-7, National Tuberculosis Control Program, 2003. p. 10-3.
World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia, New Delhi (India); Joint Tuberculosis Program Review, 1992.
World Health Organization, Geneva. Introduction. In: WHO Report 2011, Global Tuberculosis Control;2011.p.3-8.Availablefrom: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241564380_eng.pdf [Last viewed on Nov, 10, 2017].
Central TB Division, Directorate General of Health Services, New Delhi. Introduction to Tuberculosis and Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP). In: Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program, Training Course for Program Manager (Modules 1-4), developed under GOI-WHO Collaboration Progam (2008-09), April 2011 Available on: http://ntiindia.kar.nic.in/cdphclevel/Ielearn%5CCA [Last viewed on Nov 14, 2017]
Mario C Raviglione. The New Stop TB Strategy and the Global Plan to Stop TB, 2006-15. Bulletin of WHO I May 2007, 85 (5). Available at: http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/85/5/06-038513.pdf (last viewed on Nov 14, 2017)
Government of India, Central TB Division, Directorate General of Health Services. Draft National Strategic Plan 2017-2025 for TB Elimination in India. Available at: https://tbcindia.gov.in/index1.php?lang=1&level=1&sublinkid=4768&lid=3266 (last viewed on Nov 15, 2017)
HO. The End TB Strategy, Implementing the End TB Strategy: The Essentials. (2015-35). Available at: http://www.who.int/tb/publications/2015/end_tb_essential.pdf?ua=1 (last viewed on Nov 2017)
Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Directorate of Health Services, Central TB Division, RNTCP, Annual Status Report 2017: Page 9. Available at: www.tbcindia.gov.in (last viewed on Nov 17, 2017)
Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Directorate of Health Services, Central TB Division, RNTCP, Technical and Operational Guidelines for TB Control in India 2016. Available at: www.tbcindia.gov.in (last viewed on Nov 16, 2017)
Mohammed T, Sharma S, Roherberg D, Gupta D, Singh U, Sinha P. DOTS at a tertiary care center in Northern India: Successes, Challenges and the Next steps in TB control. Indian J Med Res May 2006;123: 702-06
Nirupa C, Sudha G, Thomas A, Gopi p. Evaluation of DOT providers under RNTCP. Ind. J Tub. 2005;52: 73-77.
Raviglione M, Sudre P, Rieder H, Spinaci S, Kochi A. Secular Trends in Tuberculosis in western Europe: Epidemiological Situation in 14 Countries. WHO, Tuberculosis Program, Division of Communicable Diseases 1992; 92:170.
Saleem Mohamed, Shankar Kanagasabhpathy, Sabeeta Kalifulla. Socio demographic profile and risk factors amongst pulmonary TB patients in Madurai, India: a cross sectional study. Int J Res Med Sci. 2015 Dec;3(12):3490-98
Bhushan b, Kajal NC, Maske A, Singh SP. Manifestations of tuberculosis in elderly versusyoung hospitalized patients in Amritsar. Int J Tub Lung Disease 2006;16(9):1210-13
K. Park. AIDS. In: Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 22nd ed. Jabalpur (India): M/s Banarsidas Bhanot Publishers; 2013. p. 317.
Gambhir H, Kaushik R, Sindhwani G. Tobacco Smoking-associated Risk for Tuberculosis: A Case Control Study. International Health 2010;2(3):216-22
C Lienhardt K Fielding JS Sillah B Bah P Gustafson D Warndorff M Palayew I LisseS Donkor S Diallo. Investigation of the risk factors for tuberculosis: a case–control study in three countries in West Africa. International Journal of Epidemiology 2005; 34(4): 914–23. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyi100 (last viewed on Nov 19, 2017)
Bruce J Kirenga, Willy Ssengooba, Catherine Muwonge, Lydia Nakiyingi, Stephen Kyaligonza, Samuel asozi, Frank Mugabe, Martin Boeree, Moses Joloba, and Al-phonse Okwera. Tuberculosis risk factors among tuberculosis patients in Kampala, Uganda: implications for tuberculosis control. BMC Public Health2015;15:13. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4311451/ (last viewed on Nov 19, 2017)
Pooja Sadana, Tejbir Singh, S S Deepti. Socio-demographic Factors Affecting Treatment Outcome in Patients of TB. National Journal of Community Medicine 2015;6(4):609. Available at: http://njcmindia.org/uploads/6-4_609-6131.pdf (last viewed on Nov 20, 2017
A K Chakraborty. Epidemiology of Tberculosis: Current Status in India. Ind J Med 2004;120:248-76.
Jha A. An Epidemiological Study of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Field Practice Areas of Deharadun: HNB Garhwal 2010
Khan Q H. Epidemiology of Tuberculosis in Rural Ali-garh. Indian Journal of Community Medicine 2006;31(1):39-40
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors retain the copyright of their article, with first publication rights granted to Medsci Publications.
